Since 1993, the Ivanhoe Mines enterprise brand has steadily evolved through dual founding companies established by international financier Robert Friedland, each becoming pre-eminent, publicly traded flagships with portfolios of industry-leading mining and mineral exploration ventures. In 1993, he launched African Minerals, which was a forerunner of the current Ivanhoe Mines, to pursue mineral interests in Africa. It became Ivanhoe Mines in 2013 and now is developing its three world-scale mining projects in Southern Africa.
